What established procedures for challenging unlawful detention for bail hearings?

The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 is the correct choice because it specifically established procedures for individuals to challenge unlawful detention in court, allowing them to seek relief from wrongful imprisonment. The act requires that a person detained be brought before a court to assess the legality of their detention. This fundamental legal principle emphasizes the protection of individual rights and the rule of law, allowing for a mechanism to compel the authorities to justify the reasons for detention.

While the Five Knights Case is significant in legal history and pertains to the issue of unlawful detention, it does not set a formal procedure like the Habeas Corpus Act. The Magna Carta laid the groundwork for various legal rights and the concept of due process but did not specifically address the procedures for bail hearings or unlawful detention as comprehensively as the Habeas Corpus Act did. The Statute of Westminster 1275, although important in establishing law in England, does not pertain to the challenge of unlawful detention for individuals facing bail hearings. Thus, the Habeas Corpus Act remains the key legislation directly linked to this legal process.