Which amendments to the U.S. Constitution are associated with due process of law?

The 5th and 14th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are indeed associated with due process of law. The 5th Amendment states that no person shall "be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law," establishing a fundamental protection against arbitrary denial of rights. It ensures that legal proceedings follow established rules and principles, safeguarding individuals from unfair treatment by the government.

The 14th Amendment expands on this principle, applying due process to the states and ensuring that no state can deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This amendment was crucial in extending the protections of due process beyond federal actions to include state actions, thereby reinforcing the importance of fairness and justice within the legal system across the country.

In contrast, the other amendments listed do not specifically address the concept of due process. While they protect various rights, such as free speech, unreasonable searches and seizures, the rights of the accused, and cruel and unusual punishments, it is the 5th and 14th Amendments that explicitly articulate the right to due process, making them central to understanding this constitutional guarantee.